ʻO ka ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili oxide a me ka ʻōpala ma ka ʻili o ke kila mai nā ili o ke kila a me ka hao, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waiʻawaʻawa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo pickling.
ʻO nā oxides hao e like me ka unahi oxide a me ka ʻōpala (Fe3O4, Fe2O3, FeO, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).
e loaʻa i ka hopena kemika me nā hāʻina ʻakika, ka hopena i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma hope.ʻO nā ʻakika i ke kaʻina hana pickling e hoʻopili i ka sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, chromic acid, hydrofluoric acid, a me nā ʻakika composite.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka sulfuric acid a me ka hydrochloric acid ka mea i koho ʻia.ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pickling immersion, pickling spray, a me ka hoʻohemo ʻana i ka lepo paʻi waika.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka pickling immersion, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe i ka hana nui

Hoʻokomo mau ʻia nā mea kila i ka pickling i loko o ka 10% a 20% (ma ka nui) sulfuric acid solution ma kahi mahana hana o 40°C.He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai hoʻoheheʻe pickling inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hao ma mua o 80g/L a ʻoi aku ka ferrous sulfate ma mua o 215g/L i loko o ka hopena.

Ma ka lumi wela,pilau kilame ka 20% a hiki i ka 80% (volume) hydrochloric acid solution ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka corrosion a me ka hydrogen embrittlement.
Ma muli o ka haʻi ʻana o ka corrosive proclivity o nā ʻakika i nā metala, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻopiʻi corrosion.Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, hōʻike ka ʻili metala i ke ʻano keʻokeʻo kālā keʻokeʻo, i ka manawa like me ka passivation e hoʻonui i nā ʻano kūʻē ʻino o ke kila kila.

E manaʻoʻiʻo he pono kēia wehewehe.Inā he nīnau hou aʻe, e ʻoluʻolu e kamaʻilio.